In a cramped Grade 3 classroom at San Roque Elementary School in San Pablo City, Laguna, eight-year-old Jacobo D. stares at a reading passage. His eyes move from a visual aid identifying major cities across Luzon, Visayas and Mindanao to the words printed in his textbook. In his mind, language shifts constantly between the Tagalog spoken at home, the Filipino taught in school, and the English used in many learning materials.